Literature

- The M.W. Kellogg Company, "Design of Piping Systems," Pullman Power Products, New York 1976.

- Harry Hampel, "Pipeline Statics", Springer Verlag, 1972

- Holzmann, Meyer, Schumpich, "Technical Mechanics Part 3", Teubner, 1983

- Walter Wagner, "Pipeline Technology", Vogel Verlag, 1986

- H. R. Schwarz, "Numerical Mathematics", Teubner Verlag, 1986

- R. C. Taggert, "Expansions of Pipe," Trans ASCE Paper 1167, 1910

- Hovgaard, "Deformation of plane pipe bends", J. Math. and Phys. M. I. T.: Vol. 7 No. 3. pp 198-238.

- D. Fischer, "Pipeline Technology", Vulkan Verlag, 1999 , page 24ff